Posts Tagged New Deal

Barbaric Book Review: Die Broke by Stephen M. Pollan, Part 3

This is Part 3 of my review of Die Broke.  You can read parts 1 and 2 by clicking on the following links:

Die Broke, Part 1 - Quit Today

Die Broke, Part 2 - Pay Cash

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Step 3: Don’t Retire

Don’t retire?  I thought we should be planning for retirement from the time we start working.  In Die Broke, retirement as we know it is portrayed as a fairly new concept, which has worked properly for one generation only.

Social Engineering?

The authors argue that retirement is a form of social engineering that was a byproduct of the Industrial Revolution.  At the end of the 19th century, the demand for jobs shifted from rural to industrial, and older workers were encouraged to “make room” for their younger replacements.  Pensions were bestowed upon workers aged 60 or better in an effort to increase efficiency.  The New Deal created Social Security, where the benefits would be paid for by taxing the younger replacements.  This tax wasn’t as great a burden as it is today, as the average life span was 63, and the retirement age was 65. This led to:

Enabling

Parents of Baby Boomers benefited from a real estate boom, as their children drove up home prices in a scarce market.  Their living expenses were covered by pensions and Social Security, and their health care was covered by Medicare and Medigap policies.  Everything fell into place, as evidenced by:

The Impossible Dream (for Baby Boomers at least)

The parents of Baby Boomers had retirement income from the following sources:

  • Government assistance: 42%
  • Personal wealth: 20%
  • Pensions: 20%
  • Current wages: 15%
  • Other sources: 3%

What Boomers Can Expect

  • Government Assistance - Boomers will get a lot less money, and receive it later
  • Personal Wealth - Boomers will see a 34% income increase over their career, while their parents experience 524% growth
  • Pension Income - The shift from pensions to 401K plans, where less than half of those eligible participate
  • Wages - Boomers will have to work longer, and live on less
  • Other Sources - Inheritance?  Don’t count on it, as longevity increased health care costs may decimate any expected inheritance

A Fiction Built on Four Lies

  1. Age 65 is old - People are living longer, more healthy lives
  2. Leisure is more fulfilling than work - It’s nice to have a reason to get up each day
  3. Older people need to make room - With the workforce decreasing, the need for productive workers increases
  4. Younger worker = better worker - Older white-collar workers make fewer mistakes, have fewer absences, and an eye for efficiency

My Take

I’m years away from retirement, and I enjoy going to work.  This may change as I get older, but I find that I need somewhere to go each Monday.  Given the economic future that the authors have laid out for me, I may take a non-traditional retirement, and work part-time or even full-time.  The advice is to move the finish line from age 65 to death, which allows for a greater period of investment in equities.  The authors also advise us to keep an emergency fund, and have adequate health and disability insurance.

Part 4 of this review will cover the fourth and final step, called Die Broke.

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Barbaric Book Review: Die Broke by Stephen M. Pollan, Part 2

This is Part 2 of my review of Die Broke.  You can read Part 1 by following this link: Barbaric Book Review: Die Broke by Stephen M. Pollan

db71fkqpnxh6l_sl160_Step 2: Pay Cash

The authors feel that there are three things that will keep you trapped: an unwillingness to change, and your ATM and credit cards.  These cards represent instant gratification, making it too easy to spend your money.  In order to achieve the goals laid out in the book, you should make spending difficult and uncomfortable.

The argument is that ATM and credit cards take the pain out of spending.  You don’t focus on the amount spent if you’re not counting out the cash.  Online banking and automatic payments distance you even more from bill paying, and you may be charged for the convenience.

The authors offer a few suggestions for Saving and Spending in the Twenty-First Century:

  1. Melt Your Plastic - Remove all credit cards from your wallet, and replace them with a charge card for emergencies.  Consolidate your debt on a low interest credit card, and put the card away.
  2. Bank with People - Remove the ATM card from your wallet also, and go to the bank once a week for cash.  Withdraw the cash by writing yourself a check.  Don’t spend any more than you’ve withdrawn.
  3. Practice Cognitive Spending - Keep track of where every dollar is spent on an index card, then categorize your expenses each week.  This will get you to think about how you spend your money.
  4. Buy Your Second Home First - The real estate boom was an anomaly traceable to the baby boom generation driving up the prices for a limited number of homes.  Don’t practice serial home ownership, but save for your dream home.
  5. Avoid “Everest” Buying - Don’t buy something “because it’s there.”  Buy things only when you need them, not when you want them.
  6. Ignore the New - Don’t buy the latest gadget, but wait forsomething that answers a true need.
  7. Repair Before You Replace - Retailers profit more on new things than repairing old things, so focus on repairing what you have.
  8. Pay Yourself First - Put away what you can in your 401K, and do it automatically.

My Take:

  1. For people that have no self-control, this is the best advice.  However, if you’re responsible, you can use credit cards to your advantage, such as rewards or zero-interest arbitrage, provided you pay off the balance each month.
  2. I’m disciplined enough that I don’t abuse my ATM card.  I stick to my weekly budget.  I rarely go to the bank.
  3. I track most large expenses, but our walking-around money doesn’t get analyzed.  As long as we stay under our weekly allowance I’m happy.
  4. Well, we’re living in our first home, and probably will for the near future.  We bought the home in part for the tax advantages, and have added on to it over time, paying cash for the improvements.  We’ve also paid off our mortgage.
  5. I use a cooling-off period to counteract impulse buys.  Can’t argue with that one.
  6. Or that one, either.
  7. I repair rather than replace if it makes sense.  I’m not upgrading an old computer if I can buy a new one for the same price as the repair.
  8. We do this.  The key is to automate it.  Pretend you didn’t get that raise, and put that away, too.

In Part 3 of my review of Die Broke, we’ll examine the third step, called Don’t Retire.

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